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PSA: The Middleman
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Javier Grillo-Marxuach (on BlueSky): hey everyone, wanna watch my tv show “the middleman”I have such fond memories of that show. And it's now freely available online Archive.org!
on streaming with no added charges?
Javier Grillo-Marxuach (on BlueSky): hey everyone, wanna watch my tv show “the middleman”I have such fond memories of that show. And it's now freely available online Archive.org!
on streaming with no added charges?
This guest review is from Danielle Fritz. Danielle is a former librarian who has a special affection for children’s lit and books about the funeral industry. She first cut her criticism teeth as a fanfic writer. A resident of the upper midwest, she’s learned to love beer and tater tot casserole and tolerate long winters. Most nights will find her cuddled up with her pups and wearing out her wrists with yet another crochet project.
…
CW: Mild violence, accounts of childhood abuse, vomiting, PTSD, trauma, and anxiety.
This came up on my radar in a recent Hide Your Wallet. Something about the premise drew me in, though I’m not typically drawn to super hero romances or fake dating tropes, and I quickly purchased a copy. I did see the first Avengers in theaters six times when it came out in 2012, and embarrassingly went to a sparsely attended midnight DVD release party to get myself a copy, so maybe there’s some residual affection for comic book heroes deep in the cold cockles of my heart? But this is not a Joss Whedon special — there are plenty of multi-dimensional non-White characters and far fewer quippy one liners.
Vanessa Theriot is on top of the world. At 34 she heads her own PR firm, and they’ve gotten the opportunity to pitch to a huge potential client. Roland Casteel, aka Pyro, a fiery super hero, is a free agent. At the start of the book, he’s being courted by the two Supernatural organizations that sponsor the Heroes and Villains respectively, the Champions of Earth Collation and the Villains Network of America. It’s similar to an NFL trade. The Champions has selected Vanessa’s proposal as one of several they’re showing Pyro. Her small firm is unlikely to be chosen in comparison to the large corporations also making pitches, but she’s hopeful nonetheless.
Vanessa and her team are confident in their pitch, even if Vanessa herself is on the edge of an anxiety attack ahead of the super’s arrival. But the moment Roland enters the conference room he demands Vanessa vacate, immediately. Something about her presence unsettles the super. Utterly embarrassed and completely terrified, Vanessa flees, clumsily causing a chaotic storm of spilled coffee and dropped paper in her wake.
Cue day drinking in disappointment with her colleagues, being cornered by Roland at the bar, and vomiting all over his sweatsuit.
But the next morning Vanessa is greeted by the CEO of the Champions of Earth Collation, the heroes’ organization outside her door with a 10-year contract. Roland has insisted on working with her PR firm, and furthermore, work directly with Vanessa specifically. He’s especially interested in the Lois Lane clause, which is a brilliant campaign that gives Roland a faux partner to soften his image and build excitement around his personal life. He wants Vanessa to be the Lois to his Superman.
But it’s soon revealed that Roland is under the impression that the agreement means more than just dating. He intends to marry Vanessa.
As he continues to hold my hand and stare at me, his lips tilt down into an uncomfortable grimace. “You never have to talk to anybody in this building—or anywhere else—ever again, Vanessa, but I expect my wife to talk to me and, when she does, to call me Roland, not Mr. Casteel.”
“Your wife?” I glance around, feeling deeply uncomfortable holding his hand like this knowing he has a wife. How did that not come up in our research? “You have a wife?”
He freezes. “Yes. You. Or did you not understand the terms of our deal?”
My jaw unhinges, and my eyes flutter, and my knees go weak, and Mr. Casteel curses as he lunges to catch me.
After some negotiation, they come to an agreement. Vanessa will pretend to be Roland’s girlfriend for 4 years of the 10 year contract. They’ll go to events together, partake in photo ops, etc, and Roland will move into her home. He’s hard-headed, but willing to go along with the changes Vanessa’s team suggests to rehab his image…
…like changing his name from the more menacing “Pyro” to a slightly softer “Wyvern,” and wearing a purple costume that compliments his pink-orange eyes (yes, pink and/or orange depending on his mood, y’all this books has some wild moments).
Roland is a deeply intense character. There’s a hardness to him that’s immediately off-putting. He’s not cold in his intensity, either, it’s appropriately fiery given his super powers. When he first appears, he’s so disheveled it’s alarming — he’s wearing a shirt with a severely stretched out collar, sweatpants with holes in the knees, scuffed boots with the soles practically falling off, his hair and beard are a hot mess. He’s blunt, beyond the point of being rude.
We only get a handful of chapters from his POV in comparison to the bulk of the book being in Vanessa’s, and it’s immediately clear he is utterly obsessed with Vanessa and has no idea what to do with himself. He’s a lot for a character like Vanessa, who had a childhood full of abuse and suffers from long term ramifications, including PTSD and anxiety. Roland’s whole energy can be triggering at times for her. But throughout the text he works hard to understand her trauma and change his spikey nature to become a safe space for Vanessa.
At times, he comes across as demanding or controlling. But this doesn’t turn Vanessa off; in fact, it becomes clear over time that Roland’s commands are usually a means of centering her when PTSD or anxiety starts sending her towards a spiral. It can be clumsy at times, but I considered that his ham-handed behavior might simply be the only way he initially knows how to react to someone he loves being in distress.
I think this could give a lot of readers the ick, but I found it an interesting dynamic that sort of sits between super liberated heroines vs the omega type passive heroines. Vanessa sets boundaries quickly, but she appreciates Roland’s hyper-protective nature and diligent observation of her emotions. After a deeply traumatic childhood, she’s grateful to have a partner who is deeply obsessed with her. It wouldn’t work for me, but it works for her.
I appreciate that we get more backstory from Vanessa beyond “abusive mother” and “suffers from PTSD.” She’s a wiz at all things PR, a very strong business leader, and much beloved by her team. No one seems to look down on her for her shyness or occasionally awkwardness (though a reader might get secondhand embarrassment).
We’re quickly introduced to Vanessa’s large adoptive family, who she’s been with since the age of 12 after coming to them through the foster care system. If I have one complaint about the characters in this book, it’s that there are 5 brothers in Vanessa’s family and they are indistinct and interchangeable. I get reasons why an author would establish a large family for a character, but it’s ineffective to me if they’re kind of just a blur rather than unique individuals, unless the blur is set up for comedic purposes. I think giving Vanessa just two or three siblings might’ve been more effective. But otherwise I like the positive representation of foster families and the presence of her loving parents.
There was some great trans rep through Vanessa’s best friend and chief marketing officer, Margerie. She is a down-to-earth, vivacious character who is extremely competent in their career. We don’t see any transphobia…
…only one instance of Vanessa expressing worry that someone might have reservations about dating Margerie, which are quickly banished. I loved that we got to see Margerie flirt a bit with one of Vanessa’s brothers. There was some great sexual tension and I hope maybe book 3 will focus on them as a couple?
In regards to world building, we’re not getting Tolkien levels of exposition, just enough to grasp what this world looks like with super heroes under contract to corporations. I was definitely left wanting more details about the way these organizations worked, and I’m hopeful the follow up books will give us more insight into how the rival heroes and villains companies operate.
I personally prefer not to be spoon fed world-establishing information. However, we do get some moments where characters just sort of internally dialog with themselves backstory that might’ve otherwise been shown vs told. This mostly crops up when discussing the origins of the supers. Within the first chapter, Vanessa explains how 22 years ago 48 children with abnormal gifts landed throughout the world. Some of these alien children were given to foster families, others were kept in government facilities and examined by the Supernatural Defense Department. It’s definitely a topic that is ripe for exploration in future books. Much like with Superman, there’s more emphasis on framing the “hero” part of these characters over the “alien.”
All in all, this book was a fun romp. There were some truly wild moments of alien biology I won’t spoil, but they were more amusing than horrific. Roland and Vanessa’s tension and chemistry was truly delicious. Their physical relationship was a bit of a slow burn but well worth the wait. As I said, I think some readers might be turned off by their dynamic, but I found the departure more compelling and, while it wouldn’t work for me personally, I was very happy to read how well that dynamic worked for Roland and Vanessa.
RECOMMENDED: Don’t Want You Like a Best Friend by Emma R. Alban is $1.99 and a Kindle Daily Deal! Carrie read this and gave it an A:
Every time I think of this book, I smile. Dear readers, I regret that I have forgotten so many of the finer points of the book. However, I can promise you that it will leave you smiling.
Gwen has a brilliant beyond brilliant idea.
It’s 1857, and anxious debutante Beth has just one season to snag a wealthy husband, or she and her mother will be out on the street. But playing the blushing ingenue makes Beth’s skin crawl and she’d rather be anywhere but here.
Gwen, on the other hand, is on her fourth season and counting, with absolutely no intention of finding a husband, possibly ever. She figures she has plenty of security as the only daughter of a rakish earl, from whom she’s gotten all her flair, fun, and less-than-proper party games.
“Let’s get them together,” she says.
It doesn’t take long for Gwen to hatch her latest scheme: rather than surrender Beth to courtship, they should set up Gwen’s father and Beth’s newly widowed mother. Let them get married instead.
“It’ll be easy” she says.
There’s just…one, teeny, tiny problem. Their parents kind of seem to hate each other.
But no worries. Beth and Gwen are more than up to the challenge of a little twenty-year-old heartbreak. How hard can parent-trapping widowed ex-lovers be?
Of course, just as their plan begins to unfold, a handsome, wealthy viscount starts calling on Beth, offering up the perfect, secure marriage.
Beth’s not mature enough for this…
Now Gwen must face the prospect of sharing Beth with someone else, forever. And Beth must reckon with the fact that she’s caught feelings, hard, and they’re definitely not for her potential fiancé.
That’s the trouble with matchmaking: sometimes you accidentally fall in love with your best friend in the process.
An Impossible Imposter by Deanna Raybourn is $1.99 and a KDD! This is book seven in the recommended Veronica Speedwell series. Have you kept up with the series?
While investigating a man claiming to be the long-lost heir to a noble family, Veronica Speedwell gets the surprise of her life in this new adventure from the New York Times bestselling and Edgar Award-nominated author Deanna Raybourn.
London, 1889. Veronica Speedwell and her natural historian beau Stoker are summoned by Sir Hugo Montgomerie, head of Special Branch. He has a personal request on behalf of his goddaughter, Euphemia Hathaway. After years of traveling the world, her eldest brother, Jonathan, heir to Hathaway Hall, was believed to have been killed in the catastrophic eruption of Krakatoa a few years before.
But now a man matching Jonathan’s description and carrying his possessions has arrived at Hathaway Hall with no memory of his identity or where he has been. Could this man truly be Jonathan, back from the dead? Or is he a devious impostor, determined to gain ownership over the family’s most valuable possessions–a legendary parure of priceless Rajasthani jewels? It’s a delicate situation, and Veronica is Sir Hugo’s only hope.
Veronica and Stoker agree to go to Hathaway Hall to covertly investigate the mysterious amnesiac. Veronica is soon shocked to find herself face-to-face with a ghost from her past. To help Sir Hugo discover the truth, she must open doors to her own history that she long believed to be shut for good.
RECOMMENDED: Weather Girl by Rachel Lynn Solomon is $4.99! Carrie read this one and gave it a B+:
I’ve read a lot of books recently in which the romance was the least interesting part of the book. This book gave me the opposite feeling. Ari and Russell are nice people who are nice to spend time with, so while this book was not, shall we say, action packed, it was a lovely story about being honest with and about yourself and others and finding unexpected love.
A TV meteorologist and a sports reporter scheme to reunite their divorced bosses with unforecasted results in this charming romantic comedy from the author of The Ex Talk.
Ari Abrams has always been fascinated by the weather, and she loves almost everything about her job as a TV meteorologist. Her boss, legendary Seattle weatherwoman Torrance Hale, is too distracted by her tempestuous relationship with her ex-husband, the station’s news director, to give Ari the mentorship she wants. Ari, who runs on sunshine and optimism, is at her wits’ end. The only person who seems to understand how she feels is sweet but reserved sports reporter Russell Barringer.
In the aftermath of a disastrous holiday party, Ari and Russell decide to team up to solve their bosses’ relationship issues. Between secret gifts and double dates, they start nudging their bosses back together. But their well-meaning meddling backfires when the real chemistry builds between Ari and Russell.
Working closely with Russell means allowing him to get to know parts of herself that Ari keeps hidden from everyone. Will he be able to embrace her dark clouds as well as her clear skies?
Coming Back by Lauren Dane is $1.99! This is an erotic contemporary romance with a menage, the third book in the Ink & Chrome series, and Elyse really enjoyed the first book in this series. Some readers felt that a lot of the beginning exposition was missing for the characters, but fans of Dane’s triad/menage romances really enjoyed this.
The men of Twisted Steel are great with their hands.
And they’re not afraid to get dirty.
Mick Roberts, the newest partner at Twisted Steel’s custom hotrod and motorcycle shop, looks like a man with everything. But secretly he still craves the connection he lost when his best friend Adam and the love of his life Jessilynn walked out. Then, he wasn’t ready for the pleasure they promised. Now, things have changed.
Rich, powerful, and insatiable, Adam Gulati is used to getting what he wants. And there’s nothing he wants more than Mick and Jessi. He hasn’t seen either in over a year, but the second he sets eyes on them again his memories-and his desires-can’t be denied.
After trying to live without them, Jessi Franklin realized no one else can satisfy her like Adam and Mick. The three of them need one another-in more ways than one. It’s time to stop pretending and submit to the hunger they all share. But once they go down this road, there’s no turning back. As deeply devoted as they are, no one knows what great bliss their forbidden fantasy will find-or the price they may pay . . .
It’s July 2016, and we’re back in the time machine to check out the ads & features from this issue of Romantic Times Magazine!
We spot an SBTB friend in the letters to the editor, and we talk about romances translated into English, the appeal of the wounded hero, and we spot an ad that’s very clearly some Tay-fic, as I’m calling it. We also discuss an article about Kickstarter in romance – and this is 2016. Look how far we’ve come – and how much RT had its finger on the pulse of new trends.
The July 2016 issue also has several scrapbook-style pages of the RT Convention in Vegas. We recorded a separate episode about those pages, with some conference memories, analysis, and memorabilia, and that will be the bonus episode for this month, dropping on August 26, 2025, for Patreon subscribers, with pictures galore.
Listen to the podcast →We also discussed:
And the PDF of “Broken Heroes, Healed Hearts” by Sophie Barnes. (Please comment if the link doesn’t work – I am 92% sure I did this correctly!)
Visual aids? YES VISUAL AIDS!
I read this as, “The man who shattered her back.”
This is the ad for RECTOR, prompting us to say, “I hardly knew her!” Also: one of these books is not like the others.
Hey, we know Heather S, too! (Hi Heather!)
2016 TayFic anyone?
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What did you think of today's episode? Got ideas? Suggestions? You can talk to us on the blog entries for the podcast or talk to us on Facebook if that's where you hang out online. You can email us at sbjpodcast@gmail.com or you can call and leave us a message at our Google voice number: 201-371-3272. Please don't forget to give us a name and where you're calling from so we can work your message into an upcoming podcast.
Thanks for listening!
(Since we have previously had lively discussions on subjects related to today's topic, I will publish this essay as is, but with the admonition that it is for advanced Siniticists, though naturally all Language Log readers are welcome to partake.)
[This is a guest post by Kirinputra]
I was (routinely) digging into the etymology of Taioanese U-LÓNG, which, like UDON, comes from Japanese うどん, and it turns out that うどん is cognate to WONTON, Cantonese 雲吞 (of c.), & Mandarin 馄饨.
The 廣韻 has 餛飩; so does Cikoski, with the gloss K[IND OF] DUMPLING. So the word is pretty ancient. 集韻 has it written 䐊肫, apparently. Using that as a search term, I found an article on your blog, but the commenters were generally unaware that 餛飩 had this alternate form in the medieval book language. (Of c., the person that wrote 䐊肫湯 may not have known either.)
I broadened my search. One depressing takeaway (once again) is that "Chinese" etymology is in this kind of arrested infancy. Even among linguists, broadly speaking, it's like etyma have no time dimension; only sinographs (if even) do.
What strikes me about the etymology of UDON is that a dumpling word became a mein word at some point.
Besides U-LÓNG, there is no 餛飩 cognate in Taioanese. Mainstream Hokkien & Teochew also don't have 餛飩 cognates AFAIK, although my guess is some dialects might've borrowed Cantonese 雲吞 or (in Quemoy) Taioanese U-LÓNG. The general Hokkien-Taioanese word for WONTON is PIÁN-SI̍T 扁食 — PÁN-SI̍T in some dialects, incl. in the late-antique (1500s-1800) Maritime Chiangchew 漳州 dialect that super-spread culture words throughout the tropics up to Rangoon. So the Philippine word PANSIT (PANCIT) is from PÁN-SI̍T. However, while PÁN-SI̍T is a dumpling word, PANSIT (PANCIT) is mostly a mein word. The exception is PANCIT MOLO, a specialty of the Iloilo borough of Molo, which is dumpling soup w/o noodles, which threw me the first time I ordered it. Standard PANSIT is equivalent to chow mein.
My guess is that PANSIT (the etymon) transitioned after a critical period where wontons were always sold with noodles in the streets — still the tendency in many ports, or places. At some point, the masses took the word PANSIT to mean the noodles. I wonder if UDON evolved the same way.
Selected readings
RECOMMENDED: A Duke by Default by Alyssa Cole is $1.99! We read this for my book club and we all agreed there wasn’t enough blacksmithing and sword-making. Carrie enjoyed this one and gave it an A-:
This is such a solid book – it’s tear-jerking, it’s inspiring, it’s sexy and romantic, it’s interesting (sword history!) and it’s funny. I can’t wait for the next book in the series.
New York City socialite and perpetual hot mess Portia Hobbs is tired of disappointing her family, friends, and—most importantly—herself. An apprenticeship with a struggling swordmaker in Scotland is a chance to use her expertise and discover what she’s capable of. Turns out she excels at aggravating her gruff silver fox boss…when she’s not having inappropriate fantasies about his sexy Scottish burr.
Tavish McKenzie doesn’t need a rich, spoiled American telling him how to run his armory…even if she is infuriatingly good at it. Tav tries to rebuff his apprentice—and his attraction to her—but when Portia accidentally discovers that he’s the secret son of a duke, rough-around-the-edges Tav becomes her newest makeover project.
Forging metal into weapons and armor is one thing, but when desire burns out of control and the media spotlight gets too hot to bear, can a commoner turned duke and his posh apprentice find lasting love?
A Holly Jolly Ever by Julie Murphy and Sierra Simone is $1.99! This is book two in the Christmas Notch series. I don’t love holiday romances, but I’ve been tempted by the promise of spiciness. Though I’ve also heard the books aren’t as spicy as they let on. What are your thoughts?
An actress and a perpetually single former boy-band member are reunited as costars on a steamy holiday film in this all new spicy rom-com by Julie Murphy and Sierra Simone, bestselling coauthors of A Merry Little Meet Cute.
Kallum Liebermanis the funny one™. As the arguably lesser of the three former members of the boy band INK, he enjoyed his fifteen minutes of fame and then moved home where he opened a regional pizza chain called Slice, Slice, Baby! He’s living his best dad bod life, hooking up with bridesmaids at all his friends’ weddings. But after an old one-off sex tape is leaked and quickly goes viral, Kallum decides he’s ready to step into the spotlight again, starring in a sexy Santa biopic for the Hope Channel.
Winnie Baker did everything right. She married her childhood sweetheart, avoided the downfalls of adolescent stardom, and transitioned into a stable adult acting career. Hell, she even waited until marriage to have sex. But after her perfect life falls apart, Winnie is ready to redefine herself—and what better way than a steamier-than-a-steaming-hot-mug-of-cider Christmas movie?
With decade old Hollywood history between them, Winnie and Kallum are both feeling hesitant about their new situation as costars…especially Winnie who can’t seem to fake on screen pleasure she’s never experienced in real life. She’s willing to do the pleasure research—for science and artistic authenticity, of course. And there’s no better research partner than her bridesmaid sex tape hall of fame costar, Kallum. But suddenly, Kallum’s teenage crush on Winnie is bubbling to the surface and Winnie might be catching feelings herself.
They say opposites attract, but is this holly jolly ever after really ready for its close-up?
Trouble the Saints by Alaya Dawn Johnson is $2.99! Both Maya and Ellen mentioned this in a Hide Your Wallet post in 2020. Wow, time flies. It has a slightly updated cover, though I think I prefer the black background over the yellow.
“Juju assassins, alternate history, a gritty New York crime story… in a word: Awesome” —N.K. Jemisin, New York Times bestselling author of The Fifth Season.
The dangerous magic of The Night Circus meets the powerful historical exploration of The Underground Railroad in this timely and unsettling novel, set against the darkly glamorous backdrop of New York City, where an assassin falls in love and tries to fight her fate at the dawn of World War II.
Amid the whir of city life, a young woman from Harlem is drawn into the glittering underworld of Manhattan, where she’s hired to use her knives to strike fear among its most dangerous denizens.
Ten years later, Phyllis LeBlanc has given up everything—not just her own past, and Dev, the man she loved, but even her own dreams.
Still, the ghosts from her past are always by her side—and history has appeared on her doorstep to threaten the people she keeps in her heart. And so Phyllis will have to make a harrowing choice, before it’s too late—is there ever enough blood in the world to wash clean generations of injustice?
Trouble the Saints is a dazzling, daring novel—a magical love story, a compelling exposure of racial fault lines—and an altogether brilliant and deeply American saga.
Witches Get Stuff Done by Molly Harper is $1.99! This is a small town paranormal romance between a witch and a librarian. Sounds a little too twee for me, but it could be right up your alley.
Juggling newfound witchy powers, a house full of ghosts, and verbal battles with the handsome local librarian is almost too much for a new witch to manage. A new witch with a coven, however, can get so much more done…
From the moment Riley Everett set foot in Starfall Point, magic bubbled inside of her. But with only her late aunt’s journals and a cantankerous live-in ghost butler to instruct her on all things witchy—including her newly inherited Victorian haunted house—Riley seeks out a coven for sisterhood and support. The last person she expects to be drawn to is the town’s frustrating, yet ridiculously attractive head librarian.
Edison Held knows almost everything there is to know about Starfall Point, but Shaddow House was always off-limits, thanks to its elusive owner. If he can convince the new owner, Riley, to let him take a peek inside, there’s so much he could learn. But as he gets closer to Riley, he’s fascinated by her dazzling wit and fiery spirit. Edison will do whatever he can to help Riley keep her family legacy alive, especially if it means spending more time with the captivating new witch in town.
Bestselling author Molly Harper wields a magical pen in this hilarious, delightful witchy romcom perfect for readers of The Ex Hex and Payback’s a Witch.
This request came from Varian in our SBTB podcast discord (another perk of joining the community!):
Okay I’ve got a rather niche request. I don’t even know if this exists in romance novels. BDSM romances with no or very little sex, or where orgasms aren’t the main goal. I miss reading BDSM stories/books, but when I get to a sex scene in audio, the “skip 30 seconds” button gets a workout. Smut sounds very different in audio than it reads on paper. I’m okay with any level of kink, up to and including heavy pain play, role play, or Master/slave dynamics. I don’t care about genders or time periods, I just want to be able to listen to the entire book.
Shana: Xan West’s Their Troublesome Crush ( A | K ) has very little sex. It’s about two metamours exploring a kink relationship and has a very wholesome vibe. I can’t actually remember if there’s any sex at all, honestly.
Tara: I haven’t read them in many years, but I remember Anastasia Vitsky’s books having little to no sex and many involved kink.
Susan: Just this once, the AroAce Database has failed me.
Xan West does the most detailed content warnings I’ve ever seen, and Their Troublesome Crush doesn’t have a warning for sex, so I think you’re right, Shana.
Shana: Awesome, thanks for checking!
What books would you recommend? Drop them in the comments!
A Sino-Indo-Iranian literary-religious-mythic nexus, with a focus on J. C. Coyajee
Für Professor Patrick Dewes Hanan, meinen Doktorvater
People often ask me what the meaning of the morpheme biàn 變 in the disyllabic term biànwén 變文 is. The reason they come to me is because I spent the first two decades of my Sinological career focusing on this genre of medieval popular Buddhist prosimetric (shuōchàng 說唱) narrative.
Wén 文, of course, means "writing; text". No sweat there. But biàn 變 is a thorny problem. It has the following basic meanings:
A common meaning for hen 變 in Japanese is "strange"
Well, now, when the medieval biànwén 變文 manuscripts were first discovered in Cave 17 of the Mogao Grottos 莫高窟 at Dunhuang 敦煌, Gansu, far northwestern China at the end of the 19th-beginning of the 20th century, they had been sealed away for a millennium, and the genre was completely unknown to scholarship for all that time. This was nonelite literature that was barely recognized, if at all, by the literati even during its heyday among the folk in the Middle Ages. Moreover, it used the morpheme biàn 變 in a rare, Buddhist sense that would have been unfamiliar to Confucianists. Thus, when the biànwén 變文 were unearthed a little over a century ago, there was a welter of conflicting opinions on how to interpret its name.
In the early days of the study of biànwén 變文, there were dozens of different explanations proposed for its meaning. Were they supposed to convert listeners into Buddhists? Did they change classical / literary into vernacular? Did they alternate between spoken / prose and sung / verse (shuōchàng 說唱)? Translation from Indic to Sinitic? None of these guesses were correct.
Here I will simplify things by saying that essentially biàn 變 in the term biànwén 變文 ("transformation text") and its related art genre, biànxiàng 變相 ("transformation tableau"), is short for shén biàn 神變 ("miraculous transformation", i.e., "manifestation"). It is equivalent to Sanskrit nirmāṇa (निर्माण)), which has many different, but related, meanings in Indian religions and philosophy. Skip down to Buddhism here, and you will see that many of the different nirmāṇa described there are things that Monkey (Sūn Wùkōng 孫悟空 ["Monkey Who Is Enlightened to Emptiness"]) does in the celebrated Ming novel, Journey to the West (Xīyóu jì 西遊記). He is a master of transformational manifestations biàn 變 (72! — a zodiacally magic number), right?
The miraculous / transformational manifestations displayed by Sun Wukong were earlier commanded by Hanuman, the mighty, magical, majestic monkey in the Indian epic Ramayana (e.g., soaring through the air). One of Buddha's leading disciples, Śāriputra (Shèlìfú 舎利弗), is adept at producing transformational manifestations and is featured in Dunhuang Pelliot ms 4524 showing them in the spectacular illustrations on that scroll. See "A Few of Our Favourite Things #1: Victor H. Mair", International Dunhuang Programme, British Library (11/1/13)
Having repeatedly responded to inquiries about the meaning of biànwén 變文 ("transformation text"), I thought it would be better for all concerned if I wrote out a Language Log post as above. In so doing, I realized that, nearly thirty years ago, I had written a paper that touches upon many aspects of Buddhist transformational manifestations as they impacted later Daoist / Taoist literature.
A Medieval, Central Asian Buddhist Theme in a Late Ming Taoist Tale by Feng Meng-Iung
Sino-Platonic Papers, 95 (December 10, 1997; rev. April 30, 1999), 1-36.
For Patrick Hanan, Meistergelehrte of Ming-Ch'ing fiction.
ABSTRACT
Feng Meng-Iung's 馮夢龍 (1574-1646) Stories from Yesterday and Today (Ku-chin hsiao-shuo 古今小說) includes a short story entitled "Chang Tao-ling Seven Times Tests Chao Sheng" ("Chang Tao-ling ch'i shih Chao Sheng" 張道陵七試趙昇). One of the most memorable episodes of the story is a contest of supernatural powers between the Taoist master Chang Tao-ling and Six Demon Kings. At first glance, the structure, development, and even some of the minutiae of the episode are remarkably similar to the celebrated contest of supernatural powers between Śāriputra and the Six Heterodox Masters recounted in the "Transformation [Text] on the Subduing of Demons" (Hsiang-mo pien[-wen] 降魔變文) from Tun-huang dating to around the middle of the eighth century. Consequently, several scholars have suggested that the Ming tale must have borrowed the contest episode from the transformation text. This poses the puzzle of how Feng Meng-lung had access to the mid-Tang Buddhist tale from the far western reaches of China since the latter seems to have disappeared from circulation by the first third of the eleventh century. The contest between Śāriputra and the Six Heterodox Masters is also to be found in an earlier collection of Buddhist tales, The Sūtra of the Wise and the Foolish (Hsien-yü ching 賢愚經) (compiled in 445 on the basis of materials gathered in the Central Asian city of Khotan) which is a part of the Chinese Buddhist canon and would thus have been available to Feng Meng-lung. Yet, upon closer examination, the nature and arrangement of the episode's incidents in "Chang Tao-ling Seven Times Tests Chao Sheng" are not as close to those of the contest in the "Transformation Text on the Subduing of Demons" and in The Sūtra of the Wise and the Foolish as they are to transformational encounters in such late Ming novels as Investiture of the Gods (Feng-shen yen-i 封神演義) and Journey to the West (Hsi-yu chi 西遊記). Hence, we may say that the ultimate, but not the immediate, source of inspiration for the contest of supernatural powers in "Chang Tao-ling Seven Times Tests Chao Sheng" is the Buddhist tale about Śāriputra and the Six Heterodox Masters. Furthermore, inasmuch as the contest of supernatural powers is not included in any of the standard Taoist hagiographical accounts concerning Chang Tao-ling or his disciple Chao Sheng which constituted the primary materials for "Chang Tao-ling Seven Times Tests Chao Sheng", Feng seems to have picked it up from other sources, perhaps strictly oral, which have not been preserved for us.
Among the most important findings of this paper are its revealing the extent of Iranian influence on Chinese literature. One of the main reasons I was able to make these discoveries was because I was most fortunate to happen upon this extraordinary book:
Here's a sample of what might be learned from Coyajee's tome (the quotation is from Mair, "A Buddhist Theme", p. 12]:
50. See, for example, Ch'ên Yüan, Western and Central Asians in China Under the Mongols.
51. The full documentation of the Iranian and Arabic impact upon Ming China would require book-length treatment and would need to discuss such outstanding statesmen as Hai Jui 海瑞 (1514-1587) and remarkable thinkers and critics like Li Chih 李贄 (1527-1602). Here I will mention only one rich source of primary information, Captivating Views of the Ocean's Shores (Ying-yai sheng-ian 瀛涯勝覽), completed around 1451 by Ma Huan 馬歡 (see the entries under Ma Huan, Feng Ch'eng-chün, and J. V. G. Mills in the Bibliography). Ma was the Muslim interpreter of the renowned Cheng Ho 鄭和 (1371-1435), eunuch commander of the Chinese fleet, who was himself a Muslim from Yunnan Province. Yunnan, incidentally, was a center of Islam in China during the Ming and had even been effectively administered by a Muslim governor of Confucian persuasion under the Yuan dynasty, the highly respected Seyyid Edjell Shams ed-Din Omar (1211-1279) of Bokhara. Seyyid Edjell was the father of Nasr al-Din (d. 1292), eldest of five sons, who was also important in military and political affairs from Burma to Tonkin and Shensi, but especially assisting his father in the pacification of Yunnan for the Mongols. Nasr al-Din was the Nescradin mentioned by Marco Polo in his chapter 52, for which see Yule and Cordier, The Travels of Marco Polo, vol. 2, p. 101 and the helpful annotations on p. 104 note 1. For a scholarly note on Nescradin, see Pelliot, Notes on Marco Polo, vol. 2, pp. 793-794.
Just as I was about to make this post, I was overjoyed to discover that J. C. Coyajee's marvelous tome exists in a beautiful facsimile on Internet Archive, scanned from a copy in the Royal Bengal Society.
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J. C. Coyajee
Now that we are blessed with ready access to J. C. Coyajee's magnum opus, Cults & Legends of Ancient Iran & China, in homage to this great scholar, I have done a little digging around to find out more about who he was. Heretofore, I knew very little about him, other than to suspect from his name and interests that he may have been a Parsee from Bombay. Upon further investigation, it turns out that I was right on both counts.
Wikidata gives the following basic information about J. C. Coyajee:
Full Name: Jehangir Cooverji Coyajee
Indian economist; university teacher (was Principal at Presidency College in Calcutta)
Birth: September 11, 1875 at Mumbai
In 1928, he was conferred a knighthood and hence was called "Sir".
Other technical details are omitted here.
Biography and bibliography in Encyclopaedia Iranica. Helpfully informative, but I disagree with the last sentence: "In general, his arguments were considered interesting, but reviewers complained that he had not paid sufficient attention to the ways in which Iranian motifs might have passed into the literature of other countries." Quite the contrary, no one did more than J. C. Coyajee to bring to light the impact of Iranian motifs upon Chinese literature, bless his soul.
Selected readings
In my trilogy of books and dozens of articles about medieval picture storytelling in South, Central, East, and Southeast Asia, I stressed the alternation of sung and spoken passages as performed by the narrator:
Tun-huang Popular Narratives (Cambridge University Press, 1983)
Painting and Performance: Chinese Picture Recitation and Its Indian Genesis (University of Hawai'i Press, 1989)
T'ang Transformation Texts: A Study of the Buddhist Contribution to the Rise of Vernacular Fiction and Drama in China (Harvard University Asia Center, 1989)
Cf. "shapeshifting" and Dendera zodiac.
Roommating by Meredith Schorr is $2.99! This is a relatively new release, coming out in June. It was mentioned on Hide Your Wallet and I’m loving the cute dog on the cover.
Sizzling chemistry and tender friendship develops between two accidental roommates in this hilarious rom-com from the author of As Seen on TV.
Sabrina is too busy with grad school and her job as a library page to think about dating. Until her elderly roommate Marcia invites her estranged grandson Adam to move into their two-bedroom apartment in Manhattan temporarily to “find himself.” Sabrina doesn’t mind sharing the small space with Adam if it helps Marcia repair her relationship with her grandson. But she’s not expecting to fall for him herself. Adam is not only gorgeous, he’s kind, funny, shares her love of reading, and clearly adores Marcia. After one too many accidental midnight rendezvous in the bathroom (him shirtless), the tension between them is hotter than ever. But they’re not the only ones feeling the heat. After Marcia has a health scare, her doctors advise that one of her younger roommates must go.
In a comical and sexy battle to prove who deserves to stay, the two pull out all the stops. All’s fair in love and real estate, but in the end victory is not so sweet when winning the apartment could mean losing each other.
All’s Fair in Love and Pickleball by Kate Spencer is $3.99! This released earlier this year and is capitalizing on the pickleball trend. Would make an interesting options for our sports romance square for SBTB Bingo.
Pickleball rivalry? Sure. Falling for your fake boyfriend? Now that’s a surprise.
Bex Martin’s racquet club is her entire world. But the business she inherited from her mother has started to feel more like a sinking ship. That is, until Nikolaus Karras—a former tennis bad-boy with an ego as big as his serve—makes himself at home on her courts.
Niko has something to prove, and a high-stakes pickleball tournament is just what he needs to get back in the game after a career-ending injury. When he is finally able to set his ego aside to ask for Bex’s help, everyone assumes that they are a couple—on and off the court.
But she needs the prize money to save the club, and he needs a win to restore his reputation. So now they have a fake relationship as well as a doubles partner that they can’t seem to resist. Game on!
A Fate Inked in Blood by Danielle L. Jensen is $1.99! This is book one in Saga of the Unfated series and it came out last year. From my fellow readers, I feel like Jensen’s books are hit or miss. Are you a fan?
A shield maiden blessed by the gods battles to unite a nation under a power-hungry king—while also fighting her growing desire for his fiery son—in this Norse-inspired fantasy romance from the bestselling author of The Bridge Kingdom series.
Bound in an unwanted marriage, Freya spends her days gutting fish, but dreams of becoming a warrior. And of putting an axe in her boorish husband’s back.
Freya’s dreams abruptly become reality when her husband betrays her to the region’s jarl, landing her in a fight to the death against his son, Bjorn. To survive, Freya is forced to reveal her deepest She possesses a drop of a goddess’s blood, which makes her a shield maiden with magic capable of repelling any attack. It was foretold such a magic would unite the fractured nation of Skaland beneath the one who controls the shield maiden’s fate.
Believing he’s destined to rule Skaland as king, the fanatical jarl binds Freya with a blood oath and orders Bjorn to protect her from their enemies. Desperate to prove her strength, Freya must train to fight and learn to control her magic, all while facing perilous tests set by the gods. The greatest test of all, however, may be resisting her forbidden attraction to Bjorn. If Freya succumbs to her lust for the charming and fierce warrior, she risks not only her own destiny but the fate of all the people she swore to protect.
It’s Hard Out Here for a Duke by Maya Rodale is $1.99! This is book four in the Keeping Up with the Cavendishes historical romance series. Previous books in the series have been featured on sale.
In the fourth novel of Maya Rodale’s tantalizing series, a newly minted duke spends one night with his perfect woman…but can he win her for a lifetime
Some Mistakes…
When American-born James Cavendish arrives in London tomorrow, he’ll become the Duke of Durham. Some might be ecstatic at the opportunity. Not James. He’s a simple man, fond of simple pleasures. And right now, nothing could be more pleasurable than spending his last night of freedom with a beautiful stranger.
Are Far Too Good…
One wild night, Meredith Green, companion to the dowager Duchess of Durham, said yes to a man she thought she’d never see again. Suddenly, they’re living under the same roof, where Meredith is expected to teach James how to be a duke—while trying not to surrender to temptation a second time.
To Be Forgotten
For a duke and a commoner, marriage would be pure scandal. Yet nothing has ever felt as right as having Meredith in his arms…and in his bed. Soon he must choose—between a duty he never desired, and a woman he longs for, body and soul…
Welcome back! I hope you’ll enjoy the special treat of a morning edition of Wednesday Links.
I feel like the heat has finally broken in New England and we can feel the start of cooler temps. Yay! In other news, I shared appetizers and margs with a friend last week, which led to her including me on the plan to secure Backstreet Boys at the Sphere tickets.
Well, we got ’em! I’m so unbelievably excited for the experience.
Also there’s nothing better than bonding and venting over warm tortilla chips and fresh salsa.
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Kelly Faircloth is killing it over at National Geographic. Her latest is a dive into a new book that discusses the real possibility that Queen Victoria had a secret marriage. This one might be paywalled, but the book in question is Victoria’s Secret by Dr. Fern Riddell.
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I’d like to mention a podcast! I follow historian Katie Charlwood, who has a lovely voice and even lovelier fashion sense, on social media. She has a history podcast called Who Did What Now? I’m linking to Spotify, but check your podcast apps of choice.
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Thanks to EC Spurlock for sharing this list of sci-fi and fantasy romances with forced proximity. (And not to be nitpicky, but the actual list is all fantasy, with the exception of the sponsoring book.)
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Love PBS and want a good cry? Watch this short doc on Camp Widow.
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Don’t forget to share what cool or interesting things you’ve seen, read, or listened to this week! And if you have anything you think we’d like to post on a future Wednesday Links, send it my way!
This podcast transcript was handcrafted with meticulous skill by Garlic Knitter. Many thanks.
Murder by Memory by Olivia Waite is $2.99! This is book one in the Dorothy Gentleman series, which I know was highly anticipated. Did any of you pick this one up?
A Memory Called Empire meets Miss Marple in this cozy, spaceborne mystery, helmed by a no-nonsense formidable auntie of a detective.
Welcome to the HMS Fairweather, Her Majesty’s most luxurious interstellar passenger liner! Room and board are included, new bodies are graciously provided upon request, and should you desire a rest between lifetimes, your mind shall be most carefully preserved in glass in the Library, shielded from every danger.
Near the topmost deck of an interstellar generation ship, Dorothy Gentleman wakes up in a body that isn’t hers—just as someone else is found murdered. As one of the ship’s detectives, Dorothy usually delights in unraveling the schemes on board the Fairweather, but when she finds that someone is not only killing bodies but purposefully deleting minds from the Library, she realizes something even more sinister is afoot.
Dorothy suspects her misfortune is partly the fault of her feckless nephew Ruthie who, despite his brilliance as a programmer, leaves chaos in his cheerful wake. Or perhaps the sultry yarn store proprietor—and ex-girlfriend of the body Dorothy is currently inhabiting—knows more than she’s letting on. Whatever it is, Dorothy intends to solve this case. Because someone has done the impossible and found a way to make murder on the Fairweather a very permanent state indeed. A mastermind may be at work—and if so, they’ve had three hundred years to perfect their schemes…
Told through Dorothy’s delightfully shrewd POV, Murder by Memory is an ode to the cozy mystery taken to the stars with a fresh new sci-fi take. Perfect for fans of the plot-twisty narratives of Dorothy Sayers and Ann Leckie, this well-paced story will leave readers captivated and hungry for the series’ next installment.
The Gentle Art of Fortune Hunting by KJ Charles is 99c! Take note that it has a new cover and a new ISBN from its initial release, so double check if you have this already. This book was almost recommend in two Rec Leagues: Papa Bears and No Bleak Moment.
Robin Loxleigh and his sister Marianne are the hit of the Season, so attractive and delightful that nobody looks behind their pretty faces.
Until Robin sets his sights on Sir John Hartlebury’s heiress niece. The notoriously graceless baronet isn’t impressed by good looks, or fooled by false charm. He’s sure Robin is a liar—a fortune hunter, a card sharp, and a heartless, greedy fraud—and he’ll protect his niece, whatever it takes.
Then, just when Hart thinks he has Robin at his mercy, things take a sharp left turn. And as the grumpy baronet and the glib fortune hunter start to understand each other, they also find themselves starting to care—more than either of them thought possible.
But Robin’s cheated and lied and let people down for money. Can a professional rogue earn an honest happy ever after?
The Jasmine Throne by Tasha Suri is $2.99! Many of us were big fans of her debut fantasy romance Empire of Sand. This is the first book in her second trilogy, which has been concluded. Are you a fan?
Author of Empire of Sand and Realm of Ash Tasha Suri’s The Jasmine Throne, beginning a new trilogy set in a world inspired by the history and epics of India, in which a captive princess and a maidservant in possession of forbidden magic become unlikely allies on a dark journey to save their empire from the princess’s traitor brother.
Imprisoned by her dictator brother, Malini spends her days in isolation in the Hirana: an ancient temple that was once the source of the powerful, magical deathless waters — but is now little more than a decaying ruin.
Priya is a maidservant, one among several who make the treacherous journey to the top of the Hirana every night to clean Malini’s chambers. She is happy to be an anonymous drudge, so long as it keeps anyone from guessing the dangerous secret she hides.
But when Malini accidentally bears witness to Priya’s true nature, their destinies become irrevocably tangled. One is a vengeful princess seeking to depose her brother from his throne. The other is a priestess seeking to find her family. Together, they will change the fate of an empire.
The Very Secret Sex Lives of Medieval Women by Rosalie Gilbert is $1.99! I mentioned this non-fiction in a previous Get Rec’d. I love a niche history deep dive.
A “wickedly entertaining, informative and thought-provoking” look at romance, courtship, and other intimacies behind closed Medieval doors (Dr. Markus Kerr, PhD, MDR).
Were medieval women slaves to their husband’s desires, jealously secured in a chastity belt in his absence? Was sex a duty or could it be a pleasure? Did a woman have a say about her own female sexuality, body, and who did or didn’t get up close and personal with it? No. And yes. It’s complicated.
The intimate lives of medieval women were as complex as for modern women. They loved and lost, hoped and schemed, were lifted up and cast down. They were hopeful and lovelorn. Some had it forced upon them, others made aphrodisiacs and dressed for success. Some were chaste and some were lusty. Having sex was complicated. Not having sex, was even more so.
Inside The Very Secret Sex Lives of Medieval Women, a fascinating book about life during medieval times, you will discover tantalizing true stories about medieval women and a myriad of historical facts. Learn about:
“Quite compelling and hilariously funny. I have been chuckling out loud and my husband says he thinks he ought to read it if it’s such a tonic. God forbid!” —Susanna Newstead, author of the Savernake Novels
This HaBO is from Dina, who wants to find this romance. CW for cancer:
I have been searching for this book for weeks.
I tried everything: Reddit, Facebook groups, Google, Goodreads, all my kindle, Amazon history.
I don’t know how, but I read it twice and can’t remember the name.
Only the plot.
I think I read it the first time maybe 3 years ago and it was written around that time, something from the last 10 years maybe.
It was a beautiful, emotional love story, medium spice. Between a young girl that survived cancer, she always wears a beanie to hide her hair loss, she goes to live with her step brother, he runs a skydiving business and she develops a relationship with his friend/partner.
I have a feeling maybe the girl had a unisex name, not sure.
I don’t think it was part of a series, but maybe it was suggested that the brother will have his own story.
The girl had a very hovering mother. When she healed, she wanted to move away and that’s how she got to work as a receptionist at the skydiving place with the brother. I feel like they were half siblings and shared a father.
Towards the end, she feels sick and the mother picks her up, takes her back home. I think that’s when her love interest realizes he loves her and wants them to really be together.
A lot of the story centers around the beanie and the insecurity with her hair.
There is a scene with all of them going to a bar and this another girl is making fun of her.
She was afraid of skydiving, but ended up doing the first one with him.
I think she was an artist.
Does this ring any bells?
From AntC:
Kid's T-shirt in a Carrefour, downtown Taichung. (I think an English-speaking kid wouldn't be seen dead in it.) [VHM: American English: "wouldn't be caught dead" — usually, in my experience]
wǒ ài xuéxí
我愛學習
"I love studying"
xuéxí shǐ wǒ mā kuàilè
學習使我媽快樂
"Studying makes my mom happy"
That's from a Confucian viewpoint of filial piety.
This is from a Maoist standpoint of party loyalty:
"Good good study; day day up" (1/14/14)
The Sinitic notion of xuéxí 學習 ("study; learn") goes all the way back to the Confucian Analects: 子(zǐ) 曰(yuē) : 學(xué) 而(ér) 時(shí) 習(xí) 之(zhī) , 不(bú) 亦(yì) 說(yuè) 乎(hū) 。"The Master said: 'To study and regularly practice (what you have learned), is that not enjoyable?'".
It's interesting that the resultant binom, xuéxí 學習 ("study; learn"), is composed of that paramount Confucian virtue, xué 學 ("study; learn"), and the surname of the paramount leader, xí 習/习 ("practice; review").
Selected readings
"Blindly busy" (8/26/18)
"Beat of the person awarded" (6/12/14)
Chinese Wikipedia entry on xuéxí 學習 / 学习 ("study; learn")
Japanese Wikipedia entry on 学習(gakushū がくしゅう)
Equivalent Sino-Korean term: hakseup
Equivalent Sino-Vietnamese term: học tập